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<BR>Tom;
<P>Well, well, this should get things going on the list.
<P>I guess our A-37 Sunstone's Line Honours against over 50 boats in our
Club's Open Regatta in '95 beating one for one, X 102, X 95, Comfortina
42, 4 C&C 33s, a C&C 34 plus a medley of other boats was just due
to <I>rating</I> with it blowing 18 knots, in flat water, on a 12 mile
olympic course with 2 mile legs.
<P>Oh, I said<I> rating </I>but I forgot this was boat for boat physically
beating them before the<I> rating </I>was factored in with 3 weather legs
too boot. Heavens, with the <I>rating </I>factored in they owed us so much
time, I only wish my bank account was so large. I guess our friend
has never heard of crabbing a boat to weather, that's how you deal with
the increased leeway of the design and not getting greedy on pointing -
foot and point, foot and point.
<P>One thing I'll never forget was the look of joy on the faces of our
crew as Kristen played the traveller down and up with the full main
bladed out and our 25<SUP>o</SUP> of heel and full genoa - the first race
of the new Joe Fernandes sail inventory. With Dirk and
Mike playing the genoa in and out in concert to the main and June's excellent
navigating and foredeck work, Sunstone swam with a bone in here teeth and
with the joy of a dolphin. We shellacked the competition with their
exotic sail cloths as we were in the same division and start.
<P>Certainly, coming into port in an ugly boat is so much more satisfying
if it is a "new and improved" fin keeler with all the joys of spade rudder
failure awaiting and driving the back of the keel up through the bottom
in a hard grounding. Not to mention pounding going to weather in
a chop on the flat bottom of the hull or moving a piano to the weather
rail to keep the boat tracking straight instead of rounding up with
each gust.
<P>Yes and it is a good thing to see that reel halyard winches were never
fitted to more "modern designs," as if it was a design criteria of Carl's.
No better to change winch designs every 5 years to make it a challenge
to get replacement parts and thus avoid the risk of a winch wearing out
in say 30 years.
<BR>We all know the dangers of reel winches, most of us have gotten rid
of them as they are a hazard, but of course only full keeler's had them.
<P>Yes it is true that a heavy rig is a pain in the back to step and unstep,
better to have it come down the fast way. After all roll moment of
inertia is just some Fancy Dan way to make masts that last longer and therefor
will need that irksome cleaning and TLC from time to time and when it makes
an old boat too stable from those nasty things call waves.
<P>Better to have things slam, bam and get-a-new-one - after all its insured.
<P>All he says must be true after all it is <I>conventional wisdom</I>
that modern boats are superior as there are so many for sale and <I>everyone</I>
wants them.
<P>Or:
<P>Perhaps Voltaire was right, "God is not on the side of the biggest battalions,
but of the best shots." <B>; )</B>
<P>But then I've only been sailing since '65, so I guess he knows more
than me (us), after all he must take his hat off quite a lot. <B>;
)</B><B></B>
<P>John
<P>Forhan, Thomas wrote:
<BLOCKQUOTE TYPE=CITE>From: "Forhan, Thomas" <Thomas.Forhan@mail.house.gov>
<P> No messages since Monday.
Is the list down, or is everyone busy
<BR>building their new bowsprits?
<P> For the sake of engendering
further discussion, I'm copying a post
<BR>with a not so positive appraisal of CCA designs for cruising and mentions
<BR>the Alberg 30. I know the writer, he is well reasoned and isn't
trying to
<BR>grind an axe: Here goes-
<P> "There was a couple of earlier
discussions in the last few weeks on
<BR>CCA types as cruisers. I had wanted to respond but my schedule has
not let
<BR>me. This is a very
<BR> long post on the subject.
Much of this answer can be viewed through
<BR>a filter that considers where you (and I) live and how you (or I) use
our
<BR>boat. I think that CCA
<BR> boats have their place in
this world and if they appeal to you and
<BR>fit your lifestyle go for it. By the same token, I really think that
the CCA
<BR>boats have become far
<BR> more venerable than they
should be. I suspect that I am getting the
<BR>reputation as the guy who hates CCA boats. To fairly answer address
that, I
<BR>should explain my
<BR> view of things. I have sailed
almost continuously since the summer
<BR>1962 or so and so I grew up with traditional and CCA boats and have
sailed
<BR>on them, on and off
<BR> for most of my life. I am
a still a student of traditional
<BR>watercraft. I have worked for Charlie Wittholz who was a yacht designer
<BR>during the era of the CCA and who
<BR> worked at Alden during the
years that Alberg was there. He also
<BR>worked with Bill Tripp Sr. during Tripp's internship. I had teh chance
to
<BR>hear his first hand view,
<BR> well as Olin Stephens and
other respected designers of the period. I
<BR>am very much into performance sailing and have a belief that most of
us
<BR>daysail and coastal
<BR> cruise in venues that favor
more modern designs. In my mind CCA
<BR>boats are appropriate for certain people but are not good boats for
the
<BR>average person including
<BR> many of the people who buy
them for price or appearance reasons.
<P> "The Good News:
<BR> CCA boats are really beautiful
to look at. For the most part they
<BR>have graceful sheerlines and ends. Visually, some of the prettiest
boats of
<BR>all time were designed to
<BR> the CCA rule. Many of the
boats of this era were well built and will
<BR>be around for many years to come. They often had simple no nonsense
<BR>interiors that I personally
<BR> prefer to many of the newer
more exotic layouts. People have sailed
<BR>these boats to most navigable corners of the world. They have become
<BR>popularly held in high
<BR> esteem and have a strong
following amongst many traditionalists.
<P> "A Brief History Lesson:
<BR> The CCA rule actually died
out as a rule somewhere around 1970.
<BR>Boats that were designed to the rule are still being built. In its
later
<BR>years, (most of the 1960's) it
<BR> was seen as a very poor
rule. It had a more or less 25-year life
<BR>span. (John Alden died in the 1950's so the CCA boats called Alden's
had
<BR>little to do with him or his
<BR> genus) CCA over-penalized
waterline length, mast height, mainsail
<BR>area, draft, beam and light weight. It under-penalized centerboards,
and jib
<BR>and mizzen sail area.
<P> "The shape of the hulls and
rigs were generally heavily influenced
<BR>by trying to beat the rule. To beat the rule, the typical CCA design
had
<BR>very short waterlines, short
<BR> masthead rigs with huge
genoas, comparatively (when compared to
<BR>earlier traditional craft) small mainsails, yawl rigs, shoal draft,
and were
<BR>very over weight
<BR> compared to earlier and
later boats. It is important to understand
<BR>that these attributes were not chosen because they make a good sailing
boat.
<BR>They were not! They
<BR> were chosen to beat a rule,
pure and simple, and the rule penalized
<BR>attributes that made for fast boats.
<P> "Probably one of the best
things about the CCA rule was the work
<BR>that was done with centerboarders. During this period the Keel/Centerboarder
<BR>received a lot of
<BR> attention and produced in
my mind was probably the single advance in
<BR>yacht design directly attributable to the CCA rule.
<P> "Today I often hear people
say these boats were an extension of
<BR>centuries of traditional design. They were not! The boats that we think
of
<BR>as CCA types were an
<BR> aberration to the general
design principals used to design offshore
<BR>craft prior to this period. They have some relationship to onshore
and
<BR>offshore race boats in prior
<BR> eras (Universal and International
rule [not to be mistaken for the
<BR>IOR]). But they bear no relation to the design of working craft or
cruising
<BR>craft of the era. Working
<BR> craft or cruising craft
were designs that evolved through trial and
<BR>era to be good sea boats. The CCA boats were designed to be good race
boats
<BR>under a specific
<BR> man derived rule ignoring
the lessons of the sea.
<P> "All of that said, where
things get even more confusing is that many
<BR>people lump almost any traditional boat from the 1950's into the category
of
<BR>CCA designs. It's not
<BR> that simple.
<P> "The Bad News:
<P> "Short waterlines, poor underbody
and keel shapes, inefficient rigs,
<BR>tight interiors space, old engines and poor hardware. Some of these
can be
<BR>addressed with money
<BR> but most can't. More specifically
<BR> Short waterlines length
does a lot of things, the most obvious being
<BR>it makes a boat slow. It does this in a number of ways. There is the
obvious
<BR>reduction in hull
<BR> speed that occurs with shortened
waterline length. The CCA boats
<BR>were often designed to pull the bow wave forward and stern wave aft
as the
<BR>boat's heeled. This
<BR> gave them a longer sailing
length when heeled and as such more speed
<BR>than they were rated to have. As a result they were designed to be
sailed
<BR>heeled over. It
<BR> means that to get speed
you are constantly sailing with larger heel
<BR>angles than you would on a more modern design. We know from testing
and
<BR>empirical observation
<BR> that in reality this longer
sailing length does not work as well as
<BR>designing a boat that has its displacement spread out over a longer
static
<BR>waterline. In order to carry
<BR> the boat's displacement
on the short water line the hull has to be
<BR>comparatively full. This fullness creates a lot of drag that would
not be
<BR>there in a longer waterline
<BR> length boat. The evidence
of this is found in comparing more
<BR>traditional cruising boats of this era with the shorter waterline CCA
Boats.
<BR>In their day the more
<BR> traditional cruising type
boats were often faster boats on all
<BR>points of sail than the CCA boats, they just could not correct out
in racing
<BR>over the CCA boats. An
<BR> example, of this would be
Ticonderoga which set quite a few elapsed
<BR>course records that remained in effect for years if not decades.
<P> "But the short waterline
really impacts other sailing
<BR>characteristics as well. These are heavy boats by any standard and,
as
<BR>mentioned above, all of that weight is
<BR> carried over a short waterline,
which requires a very full canoe
<BR>body. In the CCA boast this displacement is often carried into the
submerged
<BR>ends and into a deep
<BR> canoe body. These shape
factors effect the performance of the boat
<BR>in a number of ways. It results in a stubby underbody and it means
that
<BR>relatively little keel area
<BR> with the majority of this
keel is operating in the disturbed area
<BR>adjacent to the hull. The result is fairly large amounts of leeway.
(It's
<BR>not hard to observe this. Sail up
<BR> to the stern of CCA era
boats on a on a modern design. Set your
<BR>course parallel to the CCA boat and sight an object on shore. As you
watch
<BR>the amount of leeway
<BR> becomes pretty apparent.
Do the same with modern boats and after a
<BR>while you get a very real sense of the relative leeway individual boats.
<BR>These CCA era
<BR> keelboats really slide a
lot. Many of the CCA centerboard boats were
<BR>much more comparable to modern boats (sometimes better) and actually
with
<BR>modernized
<BR> rigs, are quite potent to
windward. In my experience it does not
<BR>matter whether you are in rough conditions or flat water these observations
<BR>hold true. The piece of
<BR> the equation I don't have
is whether this matters to you. In fairly
<BR>it may not. As a weekender in confined waters, It matters a lot of
me.
<P> "Many of the venerable boats
of this era had what I would call fin
<BR>keels with attached rudders. There are many on the BB that will disagree
<BR>with this term. To me a
<BR> boat on which the bottom
of the keel is less than 50% of the boat's
<BR>LOA is a fin keeler. Other's disagree. Semantics aside, when you look
at
<BR>many of the popular
<BR> production boats of the
era, the water line was often 75% of the LOA
<BR>and then the forefoot would be cut away further and the rudder post
raked to
<BR>the point that
<BR> there is relatively little
keel length. If you look at one of these
<BR>boats with an attached rudder and compare the length of the keel with
fin
<BR>keel with detached rudder of
<BR> that era (Cal 40 or Islanders
of that era) you'll see that there is
<BR>little difference in keel length between the two. In my mind there
is
<BR>nothing worse than a fin keel with a
<BR> rudder attached it have
few of the advantages of either full or fin
<BR>keels and all of the disadvantages. Today people tend to refer to these
as
<BR>full keels they are not. In
<BR> my experience they neither
tracked like a genuine full keel nor had
<BR>the maneuverability or lightness of control of a detached rudder. They
had
<BR>more weather helm and
<BR> the rudder being closer
to the center rotation created more
<BR>resistance for the amount of turning accomplished. I find that these
boats
<BR>are more tiring to steer.
<P> "The short waterlines result
in more pitching. This too is easily
<BR>observable watching a mixed fleet of boats going to windward. I have
never
<BR>liked the CCA boats in a
<BR> chop. I don't like the motion
and I think that the motion saps
<BR>speed. I keep hearing from owners of CCA types that they disagree.
Having
<BR>sailed both types back to
<BR> back, a well-sailed modern
design is faster and easier to sail and
<BR>IMHO much more comfortable in all conditions. (When I am using the
term
<BR>'modern' many people
<BR> think of the IOR designs.
This is not what I mean. IOR, especially
<BR>middle period IOR produced a lot very mediocre boats that really suffer
from
<BR>their own brand of
<BR> problems.)
<P> "I really do not like the
typical rigs on a CCA boats which heavily
<BR>depended on huge jibs for drive in anything below moderate winds. The
boats
<BR>were designed for
<BR> 170% to 180% genoas on boats
with very big foretriangles. After
<BR>watching the sail size on CCA boats in the bay, I concede that they
seem to
<BR>be getting by with
<BR> smaller, maybe 140 % to
150% genoas but they require these sails in
<BR>winds that I can comfortably sail with my less than 110% lapper. They
rigs
<BR>were short and the
<BR> spars very heavy. This resulted
in a further reduction in stability
<BR>and the overly stiff spar eliminates being able use the mast as a tool
for
<BR>sail shaping.
<P> "Then there is the weight
issue. In and of itself weight does
<BR>nothing good for a boat. Many of these boats were heavy in ways that
really
<BR>did not help comfort, or
<BR> carrying capacity, or stability,
or strength. They were just heavy.
<BR>In many cases this works against comfort, or carrying capacity, or
<BR>stability, and strength.
<P> "I have always found CCA
Boats wet when compared to more modern
<BR>designs. The low freeboard and full bows tended to put a lot of water
on the
<BR>deck. The full
<BR> bows were a fad that resulted
from an effort to extend the sailing
<BR>length at smaller heel angles. These comparatively blunt bows do poorly
in a
<BR>short chop and send a
<BR> lot of spray on board. In
my mind a bigger problem is the tendency
<BR>to take solid water aboard.
<P> "Others have talked about
the lack of room on board.
<P> "The hardware of the era
could be quite solid but was very primitive
<BR>in design compared to modern gear. There was often much greater friction
and
<BR>less mechanical
<BR> advantage. If the boat has
not been upgraded the hardware may be out
<BR>dated or unsafe by modern standards. Even good hardware has a limited
<BR>lifespan. Much of
<BR> the hardware of the day
was inferior to modern gear and some like
<BR>reel winches are just plain dangerous. (Want to feel my broken ribs?)
<P> "Then there is the economics
of older boats. No matter what you do
<BR>to one it will only be worth so much. During a previous discussion
I have
<BR>talked guys who
<BR> objected to my analysis.
In the most extreme case one fellow
<BR>described the changes that he (and prior owners) made to his boat.
He
<BR>described changing the rig to a
<BR> carbon spar (Taller and
double spreader), all new standing and
<BR>running rigging, all new deck hardware, new sails, repairs to the deck
and
<BR>topsides where "time had
<BR> taken its toll", Awlgripping
the topsides and deck, modern
<BR>electronics, replacing an atomic 4 with a diesel, replacing the pressure
<BR>alcohol stove with a propane stove,
<BR> refinishing the interior
including replacing a rotted bulkhead, new
<BR>wiring and plumbing, and replacing the cushions. He went on to tell
me that
<BR>he thought his boat as
<BR> good as any modern boat.
Well it may be but he spent a lot of money
<BR>making up grading a 35-year-old boat and he is still stuck with an
outdated
<BR>rule beater hull
<BR> design.
<P> "The reality is that most
people would not do half the things this
<BR>guy described. But when you look at these boats there are rarely less
than
<BR>$20 to 25 thousand
<BR> between a really super boats
with everything done and a project
<BR>boat. Do even a quarter of the items on that list and you can easily
eat up
<BR>that gap. Unless you
<BR> intend to live with the
boat more or less as it is, the sheer
<BR>economic of buying a project boat is seriously questionable. But even
a
<BR>reasonably good boat from this era
<BR> can be very expensive to
own.
<P> "I guess the bottom line
to me is a very subjective thing. I like to
<BR>sail. There are a lot of days with winds less than 8 knots where I
like to
<BR>sail, or days with over ten
<BR> knots winds in the gusts
but something less in the five knot range
<BR>in the gaps. I can easily sail in these winds and be fine. If I owned
a CCA
<BR>era boat, I would not sail.
<BR> Its that simple to me. There
are creeks and tight areas that I think
<BR>nothing of beating out of. I make good progress on each tack and loose
<BR>little on the tacks. I would
<BR> not do that with a CCA boat.
I know there are guys who love their
<BR>CCA boats. Some who said they liked their CCA boats do not even have
CCA
<BR>boats but
<BR> actually have cruising and
RORC boats built in the CCA era. In any
<BR>event I strongly suggest that you spend some time sailing a CCA boat
in your
<BR>home water and
<BR> also compare that to a similar
price and quality boat of a more
<BR>modern design and then you can fairly make the decision for yourself.
If you
<BR>buy the CCA boat at
<BR> least you will have done
so with your eyes open.
<P> "Lastly I mean no disrespect
to the guys who love the old CCA boats.
<BR>I appreciate their love for their boats and the effort that it takes
to keep
<BR>these old girls looking
<BR> nice. I admire the seamanship
that it takes to get the most out of
<BR>these boats and when I see one that is well sailed I can only doff
my cap to
<BR>a true sailor."
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